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Mozambique

Republic of Mozambique (Republica de Mocambique)

Portuguese Mozambican Metical (MZN) Civil law (Portuguese-influenced), customary law
AU, SADC, AfCFTA, Commonwealth, CPLP, WTO

Mozambique is positioned to become a major global LNG producer, with the Rovuma Basin holding some of the world's largest offshore gas discoveries. TotalEnergies (Area 1), ExxonMobil (Area 4), and ENI (Coral Sul FLNG, already producing) are the key operators.

The economy is driven by LNG (emerging), coal mining in Tete Province, heavy mineral sands (titanium, zircon), agriculture (cashew nuts, sugar, tobacco), and logistics through the strategic Maputo, Beira, and Nacala corridors connecting landlocked neighbors to the Indian Ocean.

Investment facilitation is via APIEX. Key challenges include the Cabo Delgado insurgency (impacting TotalEnergies' Area 1 project timeline), high public debt following the 2016 hidden debt scandal, and limited infrastructure outside major corridors. Despite challenges, Mozambique's long-term LNG prospects make it one of Africa's most significant investment destinations.

Snapshot

Population~35.6 MWorld Bank, 2025
GDP (current USD)$22.3 BWorld Bank, 2025
GDP per Capita$627World Bank, 2025
GDP Growth-0.52%World Bank, 2025
Inflation (y/y)~4.37%World Bank, 2025
MIMO (Banco de Mocambique)10.25%Central Bank
Unemployment6.63%World Bank, ILO modelled estimate, 2025
Internet Use~20.53%World Bank, 2024
Electrification~36.00%World Bank WDI
CPI Score (Rank)26.0/100 (#142)Transparency Intl
HDI (Rank)0.461 (#183)UNDP HDR
Credit RatingCCC+ (S&P) / Caa2 (Moody's)S&P / Moody's / Fitch
MarketBolsa de Valores de Mocambique (BVM)

World Bank Indicators Compare with another country

GDP (current USD)$22.3 BWorld Bank, 2025
GDP growth (annual)-0.52%World Bank, 2025
GDP per capita (USD)$627World Bank, 2025
Population, total35.6 MWorld Bank, 2025
FDI net inflows (USD)$3.5 BWorld Bank, 2024
Inflation (consumer prices)4.37%World Bank, 2025
Unemployment (% labour force)6.63%World Bank, 2025
Internet use (% of people)20.53%World Bank, 2024
Trade (% of GDP)97.10%World Bank, 2025

Climate Readiness Full ranking

32out of 100
Early-stage
Climate adaptation readiness for Mozambique, from 5 of 5 measured indicators.
Energy access3636.0% · 30% weight
Governance readiness2626 / 100 CPI · 20% weight
Human readiness460.461 HDI · 20% weight
Economic readiness22$627, 2025 · 15% weight
Digital readiness2020.0% · 15% weight
This scores climate adaptation readiness (adaptive capacity), following the readiness dimension of the ND-GAIN framework. It is built only from measured values already held on this profile and normalised 0-100. It does not measure emissions or physical climate vulnerability: the platform does not yet hold emissions, hazard-exposure or natural-capital series. Energy access is the single most climate-specific indicator held; the other four are governance, economic, human-development and digital readiness proxies. The economic sub-score is relative to the African countries the platform covers.
How this is computed

Adaptive capacity to absorb climate finance and adapt, following the readiness dimension of the ND-GAIN framework. Built only from measured values already held on each country profile. It is not a measure of emissions or physical climate vulnerability, which the platform does not yet hold.

  • Energy access (30%) — World Bank, access to electricity (% of population). The single most climate and energy specific signal held: SDG 7 and the clean-energy transition.
  • Governance readiness (20%) — Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index (0-100). ND-GAIN governance readiness: the capacity to govern and deploy climate finance. Higher is cleaner.
  • Human readiness (20%) — UNDP, Human Development Index (0-1). ND-GAIN social readiness: the adaptive capacity of the population.
  • Economic readiness (15%) — World Bank, GDP per capita (current US$), latest measured year. ND-GAIN economic readiness: the capacity to finance adaptation. Scored relative to the covered set.
  • Digital readiness (15%) — World Bank, individuals using the Internet (% of population). Information systems for early warning and adaptation.

A country is scored only when at least 4 of the five indicators are held. Sub-scores are weighted and renormalised over the indicators that are present; nothing is estimated for one that is absent.

Country Facts

CapitalMaputo
RegionSouthern Africa
CurrencyMozambican Metical (MZN)
FX RegimeManaged float
Stock ExchangeBolsa de Valores de Mocambique (BVM)
Investment Promotion AgencyAPIEX (Agency for the Promotion of Investment and Exports)
Legal SystemCivil law (Portuguese-influenced), customary law
Time ZoneAfrica/Maputo

Focus Sectors

LNG & Gas (Rovuma Basin)
Mining (coal
graphite
heavy sands)
Agriculture (cashew
sugar)
Fisheries
Logistics (Maputo/Beira/Nacala corridors)
Tourism
Power (Cahora Bassa)
Manufacturing
Construction
ICT

Regulations & Taxes

Corporate Income Tax32% (10% for agriculture/aquaculture until Dec 2025)
VAT / Sales Tax16% standard (5% reduced)